Unit 14 Have you packed yet
直擊標要求
1．語言目標
Talk about recent events
2．重點詞匯
bathing suit towel water guidebook refrigerator garage suitcase chop wood light village well form member scene last major hit appear miss lead mostly air root overseas ancestor homeland search affair mainly farmer field deeply point strongly clear abroad connect local
clean out put in turn off some day be off in search of
3．關(guān)鍵句型
Have you packed yet?
I have already watered them.
What about your bike?
Are you ready, Tina?
I haven’t cleaned out the refrigerator yet.
I’ll do it in a minute.
Have you ever been to a concert?
Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
What else?
It’s your job to wash the dishes.
One more thing.
4．語法
現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)
前學(xué)習提示
一、詞匯
1． suit [sjut, sju:t] n.請求，求婚，起訴，一套衣服。它可作及物或不及物動詞用，意思是“適合，中……的意，（使）配合，（使）適應(yīng)，相稱，彼此協(xié)調(diào)”等。
【例】 （1）The government granted the minority group’s suit for autonomy.
政府批準了這一少數(shù)民族申請自治的請求。
（2）r Li has been pressing his suit with iss Wang.
李先生一直在向王小姐求婚。
（3）John brought a suit in the local court against his boss.
約翰在地方法院告了他老板一狀。
（4）r Zhang came in the classroom in a new suit.
張老師穿著一套新衣服進了教室。
（5）The time table suits me very well.
這個時間表對我很合適。
（6）She is not suited for teaching.
她不適合于。
（7）He failed to suit his action to his word.
他沒有做到言行一致。
（8）His new job suits well with his abilities.
他的新工作與他的能力很相稱。
2． water [′w t ] vt.& vi.澆水，澆灌；流淚，流口水�？勺髅~用，表示“水，水位，口水，尿”。復(fù)數(shù)表示“礦泉水，海域，水域”等。
【例】 （1）He often waters the flowers.
他經(jīng)常澆花。
（2）His mouth watered at the sight of the pies.
他一看見餡餅口水就流了出。
（3）The smoke made her eyes water.
煙熏得她兩眼流淚。
（4）I tried hard to keep my head above water.
我好容易才免于滅頂之災(zāi)。
（5）The battle was fought in Chinese waters.
這次海戰(zhàn)是在中國海域進行的。
（6）She helped the baby to make water.
她把著嬰兒小便。
3． wood [wud] n.作“木材、木頭”解時是不可數(shù)名詞；作“森林、樹林”解時是可數(shù)名詞，且常用復(fù)數(shù)。
【例】 （1）The students picniced in a nearby woods.
學(xué)生們在附近樹林里舉行野餐。
（2）The boy’s job was to collect wood while his sister’s was to feed the pigs.
這男孩的任務(wù)是打柴，他妹妹的任務(wù)是喂豬。
（3）Nowadays not much furniture is made of wood.
現(xiàn)在已沒有多少家具是用木料做的。
4． light [lait]含義很多，既可作動詞用，還可作名詞或形容詞和副詞用，舉例說明之。
【例】 （1）He lighted a cigarette. (vt.)
他點了一根香煙。
（2）Her face lit up at the news.(vi.)
她聽到這消息頓時顯出高興的神色。
（3）He wrote by the light of a candle. (n.)
他在燭光下寫字。
（4）It’s beginning to get light. (adj.)
天漸漸亮了。
（5）There was a light rain. (adj.)
下了一場小雨。
（6）She is light of her feet. (adj.)
她腳步輕快。
（7）The nurse treads light in the ward. (adv.)
護士在病房里走路腳步輕。
（8）I lit upon a valuable stamp. (vi.)
我偶然搞到一張珍貴郵票。
5． last [l st; la:st] adj.最后的，最近的，最后過去的，緊接前面的，僅余的，極少可能的，最終的，最新式的�？勺鞲痹~和名詞。還可作動詞用，表示“持續(xù)，維持”。
【例】 （1）The captain was the last to leave.
船長是最后離開船的。
（2）He has been ill for the last three weeks.
這三個星期他在生病。
（3）This is our last hope.
這是我們最后的希望了。
（4）He would be the last man to say such things.
他決不會說這種話。
（5）I’m to speak last at the meeting.
我將最后一個在會上發(fā)言。
（6）They held on to the last.
他們堅持到最后。
（7）How long will the fine weather last?
好天氣能持續(xù)多久？
（8）This overcoat will last me a lifetime.
這大衣夠我穿一輩子。
6． appear [ ′pi ] vi.出現(xiàn)，看，好像。它的反義詞是disappear；名詞是appearance，可以表示“外表，外貌”。
【例】 （1）He didn’t appear until six.
他到六點才露面。
（2）Why does she appear so sad?
她看上去為什么那么憂愁呢？
（3）The plane disappeared in the cloud.
飛機在云層里消失。
（4）We don’t knohy he made no appearance at the office today.
我們不知道他今天為什么沒到辦公室。
（5）The dog is like a wolf in appearance.
這只狗看上去像只狼。
7． miss [mis] vi.錯過，遺漏，想念，未達到�？勺髅~用，表示“小姐；失誤；避免”。
【例】 （1）She overslept and missed the train.
她睡過頭，誤了火車。
（2）Goerge missed the point of my joke.
喬治沒明白我那句笑話的意思。
（3）His mother is missing him terribly.
他母親十分想念他。
（4）When she read that text, she missed out a few important words.
她讀時漏掉了幾個重要的詞。
（5）He hit the target three times without a miss.
他三發(fā)三中。
（6）Yours was really a lucky miss.
你這一次真是幸免。
（7）iss argaret Green is our English teacher.
瑪格麗特•格林小姐是我們的英語老師。
8． search [s :t ] vt.& vi.搜查搜索，細看，詳細調(diào)查，穿過，探究�？勺髅~用。
【例】 （1）The professor searched a book for a passage worth quoting.
教授在一本書里查找值得引的一段話。
（2）I searched my memory but can’t recall what he said.
我拼命回憶，可想不起他說了什么。
（3）The cold wind searched the streets.
寒風吹遍街道的每個角落。
（4）It took me three days to search our an old classmate in this town.
我花了三天時間才在這鎮(zhèn)上找到一位老同學(xué)。
（5）edical workers are trying to search into the root of SARS.
醫(yī)學(xué)界正在努力探索非典的根。
（6）The old woman travelled all the way to this city in search of her long lost son.
那位老婦人大老遠地到這個城市尋找失散已久的兒子。
9． clear [kli ] vt.& vi.清除，掃除；穿過，越過；為……結(jié)關(guān)，凈得；消失。它可以作形容詞和副詞用。
【例】 （1）He cleared the pavement of withered leaves.
他清除了人行道上的落葉。
（2）The jumper cleared 2．40 metres.
這位跳高選手越過了2．40米。
（3）They cleared the ship and were ready to start the voyage.
他們?yōu)檫@艘船結(jié)了關(guān)，準備起航。
（4）In this deal she cleared ten thousand yuan.
在這筆交易中，她凈得一萬元。
（5）The children cleared out as soon as the nurse made her appearance.
老師一出現(xiàn)，孩子們就跑掉了。
（6）I’m sorry to have failed to make myself clear.
很抱歉，我沒把自己的意思講清楚。
（7）The students aren’t quite clear about what the teacher meant.
學(xué)生們不太清楚老師的意思。
（8）We have walked three kilometres clear.
我們已經(jīng)足足步行了三公里。
二、交際用語
1．問某人做過了某事及回答
Have you packed yet?
Not yet. I’ll do it in a minute.
Have you watered the plants yet?
Yes, I’ve already done that.
No, I haven’t done it yet.
2．詢問某人的喜好
What is your favorite band?
Who is your favorite band member?
三、語法
現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)我們在前面的幾個單元中都講述過，所以本單元只講現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)與幾個副詞的關(guān)系。
1． ever, never
ever“曾經(jīng)”，表示從過去到目前為止的時間，用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的疑問和含有最高級的從句中，否定句中常用never代替ever，在反意疑問句中，附加問句用肯定。
【例】 （1）Have you ever been to Hefei?
你曾去過合肥嗎？
（2）This is the most interesting film that I have ever seen.
這是我曾看過的電影中最有趣的一部。
（3）He has never been to the Great Wall, has he?
他從未去過長城，是嗎？
2． still, just
still“仍然，還”，強調(diào)過去開始的情況或動作仍在繼續(xù)，指時間，強調(diào)延續(xù)；just“剛剛，剛才”，多與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。注意要與just now區(qū)別開，just now指過去的時間，常與過去時連用。
【例】 （1）Has your sister still lived here?
你妹妹仍然住在這兒嗎？
（2）I have just finished lunch.
我剛吃過中飯。
（3）I saw her mother just no
我剛才看見了她母親。
3． before, ago
兩者都可作副詞用，before表示過去時間的以前，可獨立使用，泛指“以前”，可用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)或一般過去時態(tài)。ago不能獨立使用，要置于時間段的詞組之后，只能用于過去時態(tài)，表示從現(xiàn)在算起以前的時間。但可以用在情態(tài)動詞加完成時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示現(xiàn)在對過去發(fā)生的事情的推測。此外與since連用，構(gòu)成since…ago用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。
【例】 （1）She has seen the film before.
她以前看過這部電影。
（2）ary must have seen Jim a week ago.
瑪麗一周前肯定見過吉姆。
（3）A lot of new things have happened since ten years ago.
自十年前以發(fā)生了很多新鮮事。
4． since, for
since“自從”，表示的是一個時間點，可用作介詞，也可作連詞。用作介詞時，后接指時間點的名詞或短語；用作連詞時，后跟一個時間狀語從句，但其前的謂語動詞或主句的謂語動詞須用現(xiàn)在完成時。for構(gòu)成的短語在現(xiàn)在完成時里，表示時間的長度，后須跟“一段時間”，不可跟“時間點”。
【例】 （1）He has worked at that factory since he came to the city.
他到這城市以一直在這家工廠工作。
（2）I have studied English for three years.
我學(xué)習英語已有三年了。
點撥重點難點
1．現(xiàn)在完成時與幾個副詞的關(guān)系；延續(xù)性動詞與非延續(xù)性動詞和時間狀語的關(guān)系。
2．本單元中出現(xiàn)的常用詞及短語，如：water, light, last, appear, search和clean out, turn off等的用法。
3．yet與already, so far以及because of與because的用法。
4．Talk about recent events的表達方式及句型。
5．海外華人尋根的經(jīng)歷及感受。
拓展發(fā)散思維
發(fā)散思維分析
1． Have you packed yet?
你已經(jīng)包裝好了嗎？
yet表示“仍然，還”多用于否定、疑問句中；still“仍然，還”多用于肯定句中；already“已經(jīng)”多用于肯定句中，在疑問中常用yet替換，already用于疑問或否定句中表示驚奇。三個詞都常與完成時連用。
【例】 （1）Have you had your lunch yet?
你已吃過中飯了嗎？
（2）They’re still working hard.
他們?nèi)匀慌Φ毓ぷ鳌?br>（3）They haven’t finished their homework yet.
他們還沒有完成家庭作業(yè)。
（4）Our visitors have come already.
賓已到。
（5）Have you already had breakfast?
難道你吃過早飯了嗎？
（6）You’re not leaving us already, are you?
你不會就要離開我們吧，是不是？
2． Have you turned off your radio?
你關(guān)掉收音機了嗎？
turn off是切斷電的意思，它的反義詞是turn on。
【例】 （1）His mother told him to turn off TV and do his homework.
他母親叫他關(guān)掉電視去做作業(yè)。
（2）He turned on the radio as soon as he got home.
他一到家就打開收音機。
3． I have so many chores to do today.
我今天有太多的雜活要做。
so many“太多”，后跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，so much“大多”后跟不可數(shù)名詞。
【例】 （1）The students have so much homework to do every day.
學(xué)生們每天都有太多的家庭作業(yè)要做。
（2）The woman had so much sweet food that she became very fat.
那婦女甜食吃得太多，結(jié)果變得很胖。
（3）He said he had so many books to read.
他說他有太多的書要讀。
（4）Her mother always has so many things to do.
她母親總有太多的事要做。
4． …and do some shopping.
我要買東西。
do some shopping表示“購物”，do+v.-ing形式可以構(gòu)成很多短語。
【例】 （1）He often does some reading in the evening.
他經(jīng)常晚上看點書。
（2）She often helps her mother do some washing.
她常幫媽媽洗衣服。
（3）Do you do some cleaning on Sunday?
星期天你打掃衛(wèi)生嗎？
5． He started telling me about…
他告訴我有關(guān)……。
start, begin都表示“開始”，后可跟不定式或動名詞作賓語。但主語不是指人而是指物時，謂語是進行時態(tài)時，賓語是感覺或心理活動時，最好用不定式。
【例】 （1）When Edison was twelve, he began/started selling newspapers on trains.
當愛迪生十二歲時，他就在火車上賣報。
（2）I’m starting to cook the dinner.
我在開始做飯。
（3）The ice began to melt.
冰開始融化。
（4）She started to wonder why a girl was not the same as a man.
她開始想要搞清女子與男子為什么不一樣。
（5）I started to listen to the other students discuss social problems and soon I began to take part.
我開始聽其他學(xué)生討論社會問題，但很快我便開始加入。
6． In the past twelve months they’ve had three major concerts and made a hit CD．
在過去的十二個月里他們舉行了三次大型演唱會，出了一盤火暴的CD。
for/in the past/last twelve months/years/days/etc.常與現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)連用。
【例】 （1）For the past few days he has been ill.
幾天他一直生病。
（2）She has been ill for the last three days.
這三個星期他在生病。
（3）In the past three years we have learned two thousand English words.
三年我們學(xué)了二千個英語單詞。
7．…but we really hope to have a number one hit some day.
但我們真希望有一天會有一首轟動的。
hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，不能說hope sb. to do sth. 。some day指“（將）某一天”。
【例】 （1）We hope to see you again soon.
我希望很快見到你。
（2）She hopes to visit Wuhu some day.
她希望有一天能訪問蕪湖。
8． We are leaving in an hour.
我們一小時后動身。
本句是進行時態(tài)表示將，表示即將發(fā)生的動作或計劃好的活動以及表示逐漸變化都可用進行時態(tài)表示將。表示將的一段時間之后用介詞in，而不是after。
【例】 （1）Are you staying with us this weekend?
這個周末和我們一起過嗎？
（2）He is dying.
他快死了。
（3）Our teacher will visit England in a month.
我們的老師一個月后訪問英國。
9． So far, it has brought thousands of….
迄今為止已經(jīng)帶動成千上萬的……。
so far= up to now=by now“到目前為止”常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。
【例】 （1）So far, no man has travelled farther than the moon.
到目前為止還沒有人到過比月球遠的地方。
（2）I’ve written two thirds of this book so far.
到目前為止，我已完成這本書的三分之二了。
（3）The weather has been very hot so far this summer.
今年夏天到現(xiàn)在為止，一直很熱。
10． They walk through the countryside.
他們走過了鄉(xiāng)村。
through“穿過，通過”，有從空間或物體中間通過之意。across“橫過”，有從物體表面通過之意。past“經(jīng)過、路過”。
【例】 （1）He swam across the river the day before yesterday.
他前天游過了這條河。
（2）We walked past a bookstore.
我們路過了一家書店。
（3）A little girl was walking through a forest.
一個小女孩在穿過森林。
發(fā)散思維應(yīng)用
典型例題1
Pass me my glasses, Tom. I can’t read the words in the newspaper.
A． hardly
B． really
C． rather
D． clearly
解析 答案：A 根據(jù)題意，這里須用表示否定意義的詞，hardly的意思是“幾乎不”，是一個含有否定意義的詞，其他三個都不是否定含義的詞，故答案是A。
典型例題2
He can finish the work easily.（用it作形式主語進行改寫，每空一詞）
for him finish the work.
解析 答案：It is easy, to 本題主要考查不定式的用法，不定式的動作發(fā)出者一般是句子的主語，但有時也不是，這時不定式常會帶上自己的邏輯主語，它通常用for引出。
【題型發(fā)散】
發(fā)散1 選擇填空
（ ）1． He hasn’t cleaned the bag yet.
A． out
B． up
C． down
D． off
（ ）2． He and his family lived the farm.
A． in
B． at
C． on
D． above
( )3． It’s her job clothes.
A． washing
B． to wash
C． washed
D． washes
( )4．—Which TV programme shall we ?
—I’ve no idea.
A． see
B． look
C． look at
D． watch
( )5． Will you please me a glass of milk?
A． past
B． pass
C． passed
D． to pass
解析 答案：1． A clean out是個固定的詞組。
2． C 在農(nóng)場用on, 而在工廠卻用in。
3． B 不定式作主語，前面的it是形式主語。
4． D 看電視習慣上用watch。
5． B please后跟動詞原形。
發(fā)散2 根據(jù)漢語完成下列各句
1． 他們下個月將在中央電視臺演出。
They’re to CCTV next month.
2． 你的老師曾去聽音樂會嗎？
your teacher been a concert?
3． 對不起我不能盡快給你回復(fù)。
Sorry I couldn’t him.
4． 他喜歡說而我喜歡聽他說。
He loves , and I love you sooner.
5． 學(xué)生們主要參觀了安徽省的一些地區(qū)。
The students visit Anhui province.
解析 答案：1． going…appear(perform)on 2． Has…ever…to 3． get back to 4． talking…listening to 5． mainly…areas in
【轉(zhuǎn)化發(fā)散】
請按要求改寫下列各句，每空一詞
1． The boy wanted a bit of milk to drink. （改為同義句）
The boy wanted milk to drink.
2． The problem is too hard for the pupils to work out. （用so…that…擴展為復(fù)合句）
The problem is hard the pupils work it out.
3． This hat costs twenty dollars. （對劃線部分提問）
this hat cost?
4． These new clothes were made by herself. （改為主動語態(tài)）
these new clothes herself.
5． The suit cost so much that I didn’t buy it. （改為簡單句）
The suit cost much for buy.
解析 答案：1． a little a little 修飾不可數(shù)名詞時可與a bit of互用。
2． so…that…can’t too…to…構(gòu)成的簡單句可以用so…that…擴展為復(fù)合句。
3． How much does詢問價格用how much，此句謂語動詞加了“s”，該借用does。
4． She made被動改主動，首先是確定主語，再依據(jù)主語的人稱和數(shù)，將謂語動詞改為主動形式，注意時態(tài)不能改變。
5． too…me to so…that…引導(dǎo)的復(fù)合句可用too…to…改為簡單句，注意對某人說太……而不……，用too…for sb. to do sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)。
【正誤發(fā)散】
下列各句均有一處錯，找出并將序號填入題前括號內(nèi)
( )1． The shoes cost so little that I bought it.
A B C D
( )2． They are surprise to know that Lucy and Lily are twins.
A B C D
( )3． y wife will go to her parents’ house the next month.
A B C D
( )4． We haven’t got any books on the history of England at that moment,
A B C
I’m afraid.
D
( )5． He is a quite popular doctor in the hospital.
A B C D
解析 答案:
1． D 買的鞋不能是單數(shù), 用代詞代替, 也必須用復(fù)數(shù), 所以應(yīng)將it改為them。
2． A 對……驚訝，常用be surprised to do (at)sth. 結(jié)構(gòu)。
3． D 以現(xiàn)在為起點表示下個月應(yīng)用next month, the next month一般與過去時態(tài)或過去將時態(tài)連用。
4． C 現(xiàn)在或此刻用at the moment, at that moment則表示在當時或就在那時。
5． A quite修飾作定語用的形容詞前有a或 an時，quite習慣上放在冠詞前，而very則放在冠詞后。
【情景發(fā)散】
完成對話，每空一詞
A: Hello! Where are you 1 , B?
B: Hello, A． I’m going to the doctor’s.
A: Oh, what’s 2 3 ?
B: I’m not 4 very well. I’ve 5 a headache.
A: Have you got a 6 ?
B: Yes, I have.
B: How 7 have you been 8 9 ?
A: Ever 10 last night.
A: Let me go 11 you at once and get some 12 .
B: Thank you. Let’s go .
解析 答案：1． going 2． your(the) 3． trouble(matter) 4． feeling 5． got 6． fever 7． long 8． like 9． this 10． since 11． with 12． edicine 做本對話時，須注意一些有關(guān)看病、身體狀況的用語。
【綜合發(fā)散】
完形填空
Fire can help people in many ways. But it can also be very harmful. Fire can keep your house 1 , give light and cook food. But fire can burn things, 2 . Big fire can burn trees, houses, animals or people.
Nobody knows how people began to use fire. But there are 3 interesting old stories about how a man or woman started a fire. One is 4 a man. The man 5 a very long time ago. He went up to the sun and 6 fire down.
Today people know how to make a fire with matches(火柴). Children sometimes 7 to play with them. But matches can be very dangerous. One match can burn a piece of paper, and 8 it could burn a house. A small fire can burn a big fire very quickly. So you 9 be careful with matches.
Be careful with fire, and it will 10 you. But if you aren’t careful with fire, and it may hurt you.
( )1． A． warmB． warmerC． coolD． cooler
( )2． A． alsoB． tooC． eitherD． neither
( )3． A． manyB． muchC． a littleD． no
( )4． A． overB． aboutC． of D． on
( )5． A． workedB． studiedC． learnD． lived
( )6． A． bringB． takeC． broughtD． took
( )7． A． enjoyB． likeC． don’t likeD． become
( )8． A． afterB． lateC． yetD． then
( )9． A． canB． mayC． willD． must
( )10． A． helpB． doC． tellD． hope
解析 通讀全, 知道這是關(guān)于火的一段介紹。
1． A 這是沒有比較的意思，所以不用比較級，火能加溫而不是冷卻，所以不用cool。
2． B 表示肯定不用either, neither，在句末不用also。
3． A stories是復(fù)數(shù)，不可能用no, a little, much作定語修飾不可數(shù)名詞，這里中心詞stories可數(shù)。
4． B 表示內(nèi)容“關(guān)于”一般用about。
5． D 此處僅僅是說生活，而不強調(diào)學(xué)習和工作。
6． C “拿”用bring不用take。這是并列句, 動作與前一個動作went相承, 所以也用過去形式bought。
7． B 顯然強調(diào)喜歡，后邊接動詞不定式用enjoy不合適。
8． D 表示動作上緊相連，前邊又有連詞and，所以只能用副詞then，而不用連詞after和形容詞late，yet意思與句子不吻合。
9． D 這里強調(diào)必要性，所以情態(tài)動詞用must。
10． A 雖然都是及物動詞，但意義上只有help可以與you搭配。
單元小結(jié)
本單元是就如何談?wù)摤F(xiàn)在的事為主線，重點強調(diào)現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)與副詞的關(guān)系，尤其是already和yet的用法。本單元還學(xué)了一些常用的詞語和習慣性用法，在復(fù)習現(xiàn)在完成時的基礎(chǔ)上，還介紹了一般將時，特別是部分行為動詞能用進行時態(tài)替
將時。本單元介紹了“New Ocean Waves”樂隊及他們的成長歷程和風格。此外還述說了海外華人如何追根尋，表達的海外華人對祖國的懷念。在兩篇介紹中出現(xiàn)了大量的定語從句，這樣就要求我們熟練掌握定語從句的構(gòu)成及用法。本單元還學(xué)了一些同義或近義的詞語，如：through, across, past; because, because of等。
知識網(wǎng)絡(luò)建構(gòu)
進行時態(tài)表示其他意義
1）運動動詞go, come, drive, fly, travel, arrive, leave, start, set off及表示位置的動詞stay, remain等的進行時態(tài)可表示將，通常指沒有確定安排的決定或計劃。
【例】 （1）He is coming to New Jersey.
他打算到新澤西州。
（2）They are not going back to work until they get a rise.
他們要到加了薪水才復(fù)工。
注 現(xiàn)在這一使用范圍已擴大到別的一些動詞。表示最近將的確定安排，但往往有一個表示未的時間狀語。
【例】 （1）I’m seeing my guest off at the station tomorro
明天我要到車站為客人送行。
（2）The court is hearing evidence this afternoon.
法庭今天下午聽取證詞。
2）頻度副詞always, constantly, continually, forever等和進行時態(tài)連用時，給現(xiàn)在或過去的動作披上一層感情色彩，并不強調(diào)動作正在進行。
【例】 （1）He is forever boasting.
他老愛說大話。（表示討厭、不滿、帶有埋怨情緒，指責某人一貫表現(xiàn)）
（2）You are always doing well.
你總是干得不錯。（表示贊許、高興、帶夸獎口吻，稱贊對方一貫表現(xiàn)）
3）某些瞬間動詞hit, jump, kick, knock, see等的進行時可表示動作的重復(fù)。
【例】 （1）The child was jumping with joy.
這孩子高興得直跳。
（2）I’m seeing a lot of Joan at the library.
我常在圖書館看見瓊。
4）用hope, find, want, wonder等的進行時態(tài)是一種婉轉(zhuǎn)的說話語氣，如是過去進行時形式則更顯得客氣、委婉。
【例】 （1）We are hoping you will get well soon.
我們希望你很快康復(fù)。
（2）What were you wanting?
您想要點什么嗎？
在問到一段時間怎么度過，過去進行時要比一般過去時有禮貌。
【例】 What were you doing before you came here?
你這兒之前做些什么工作？（這比What did you do…？聽起更有禮貌）
5）某些心態(tài)動詞或情態(tài)動詞的進行時表示“幾乎”、“差一點”等含義，相當于nearly do/be on the point of doing…。
【例】 （1）I’m forgetting(=nearly forget) that I promised to take you to Shanghai.
我差一點忘了我曾答應(yīng)過要帶你去上海的。
（2）He was believing what the cheat said.
他差一點聽信了那個騙子的話。
6）進行時還可以表示動作的暫時性，并不是說話時在進行的動作。
【例】y watch is working perfectly.
我的表走得很準。（強調(diào)手表目前走得準，如果是說：y watch works perfectly. 在于說明手表走得準這一優(yōu)點）
狀態(tài)動詞be的進行時態(tài)（be being）后面接行為形容詞，如brave, careful, stupid, clever,
foolish, polite, kind和shy等時為主語所表現(xiàn)的非一貫性特點或故意的行為。
【例】 （1）You are being very clever today.
你今天表現(xiàn)得很聰明。（表明這是例外）
（2）He is being polite.
他裝模作樣地客氣起了。（故意行為）
7）進行時態(tài)可以表示動作發(fā)展的過程，可接時間狀語從句，但不接具體時間狀語。
【例】 （1）The wind was rising.
起風了。
（2）I think the cat’s going mad.
我想那只貓發(fā)瘋了。
8）在一定場合和語氣中，進行時態(tài)有否定意義。
【例】（1）You are telling me.
這事不用你說。（我早就知道了）
（2）You are wasting time!
別浪費時間了！（不耐煩了）
9）過去完成時還可表示到過去某段時間為止剛剛開始的動作。
【例】 By the time he was ten, Edison was already doing his experiment in Chemistry.
愛迪生十歲時，已經(jīng)開始做化學(xué)實驗了。
10）用于描繪字中，展現(xiàn)出生動的景象，或用描述故事發(fā)生的背景，此時須用過去進行時并和一般過去時（僅為敘述）連用。
【例】 One car after another is spending by on the freeway.
在高速公路上車子穿梭般地一輛接一輛飛馳而過。
新標新中考
1． 本單元固定的詞組以及同義、近義詞，如because與 because of; through, across與past等用法。
2． 現(xiàn)在完成時與時間狀語，尤其是一些副詞的用法與搭配關(guān)系。
3． hardly, so far等在中考中會出現(xiàn)。
4． 定語從句及其引導(dǎo)詞。
5． 海外華人尋根的歷程及其意義。
新題型新導(dǎo)向
【例1】根據(jù)漢語完成句子。
晚秋了，落葉遍地。
It’s late autumn. The ground with fallen leaves.
(2003年無錫市中考題)
賞析 答案：is covered be covered with是個詞組，意思是“被……所覆蓋”，是被動結(jié)構(gòu)。
【例2】 After finishing your paper, look it over to there are no mistakes.
A． find out
B． try out
C． make sure
D． think about
(2003年黑龍江省中考題)
賞析 答案：C make sure 的意思是“務(wù)必，確保，確認”，后跟從句，that可省略，也可跟動詞不定式，句型make sure to do sth. 。
【例3】 區(qū)別expect, hope和wish的用法。
1）expect表示“期待，盼望，預(yù)期”。
【例】 （1）I expect him every minute.
我每時每刻都盼望著他。
（2）Are you expecting a letter from home?
你在期盼家鄉(xiāng)的信嗎？
（3）They won the match just as I expected.
他們就像我預(yù)料的那樣贏得了這場比賽。
（4）I expect that I shall be back on Sunday.
我預(yù)期星期天回。
2）hope 側(cè)重于考慮，并相信有可能達到或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的愿望。hope后面不能接名詞或代詞作賓語，可接從句或動詞不定式。
【例】
（1）I hope to see you again.
我希望再次見到你。
（2）I hope you will have a good journey home.
我希望你回家的旅途愉快。
（3）I hope so.
但愿如此。
（4）Hope for the best, prepare for the worst.
作最好的打算，作最壞的準備。
3）wish, 常接名詞、代詞或不定式作賓語。后面接賓語從句時，從句用過去時或過去完成時，用表示不能實現(xiàn)的愿望。wish也可用于祝賀語中。
【例】（1）We wish to visit the Great Wall.
我希望能參觀長城。
（2）I wish you healthy.
我希望你健康。
（3）He wishes them to come to dinner.
他希望他們能赴宴。
（4）Best wishes for your birthday.
給你生日最好的祝愿。
（5）I wish I were a bird.
我巴不得是一只鳥。
（6）I wish I had bought the house.
我恨不得買下這座房子。
【例4】as的用法。
1）作連詞表示程度相同時用as…as, 表示程度不相同時用not as/so…as。
【例】 （1）The cloth is as white as sno
布像雪一樣白。
（2）He ran as fast as possible.
他盡可能快地跑。
（3）He isn’t as friendly as you think.
他不像你想像的那樣友好。
（4）He can’t sing so well as his sister.
他唱得不如他妹妹好。
2）作連詞時意為“如同，像，按照。”
【例】 （1）I work as others do.
我跟別人一樣工作。
（2）I remember it as it happened yesterday.
我一想起這事，仿佛就像昨天發(fā)生的一樣。
（3）Do as I told you.
照我說的做。
3）作連詞時意為“一面……一面”，相當于while, when。
【例】（1）He came up as I was speaking.
我正要說話，他過了。
（2）The dogs would go with him in his car every day as he went to the farms to heal sick animals.
當每天他坐著車去農(nóng)場給動物治病的時候，狗總是愿意和他一起去。
（3）She sang as she walked.
她邊走邊唱。
4）作連詞時意為“因為”，但比because, for語氣輕。
【例】 （1）As he loved animals, he continued his education.
由于喜歡動物，所以他繼續(xù)他的學(xué)業(yè)。
（2）Everyone likes him as he is kind and honest.
由于他善良誠實，所以人人喜歡他。
5)作介詞時，表示“作為，當作”。
【例】（1）They had their pets as their family members.
他們把寵物當作家庭成員。
（2）English is used as a communication tool.
英語被當作一種交際工具使用。
【同步達綱練習】
鞏固基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ. 根據(jù)首字母和英解釋寫出單詞
1． s a set of outer clothes which match, usually including jacket with trousers or skirt
2． w give water to
3． w stuff of a tree
4． v a place smaller than a town
5． f a place for growing foods, plants and keeping animals
6． m someone who is in a group, society, etc.
7． l at the end; after all other
8． a to become visible
9． m not to hit or not to catch something
10． s to make a thorough examination of; look over carefully
Ⅱ. 選擇填空
( )1． He hasn’t looked the garage .
A． yet
B． too
C． either
D． already
( )2． She is going to do it a minute.
A． in
B． after
C． during
D． within
( )3． He had to early and read English.
A． get to
B． get off
C． get up
D． get down
( )4． So far, they five Japanese songs.
A． learned
B． had learned
C． have learned
D． learn
( )5． Are they all Canada?
A． come from
B． came from
C． come to
D． from
( )6． The wind blew into the room the broken windo
A． across
B． from
C． out of
D． through
( )7． They spent hours TV last night.
A． to watch
B． watching
C． seeing
D． reading
( )8． He feels like he something that wasn’t important to him before.
A． did
B． has done
C． does
D． is done
( )9． I never the things in it any more.
A． uses
B． use
C． to use
D． using
( )10． any old people are moved by his words.
A． deeped
B． deep
C． deeping
D． deeply
Ⅲ. 按要求完成下列各句
1． We often use a recorder in our English class. (改為被動語態(tài))
A recorder in our English class.
2． This kind of computer is made in Japan. (對劃線部分提問)
this kind of computer ?
3． These flowers are taken good care of by my grandpa. (改為主動語態(tài))
good care of these flowers.
4． I hope that I’ll get my tickets as early as I can. (改寫句子, 句意不變)
I hope my tickets as early .
5． She left home two days ago. (改為現(xiàn)在完成時)
She has for two days.
Ⅳ. 根據(jù)圖示和上下內(nèi)容完成對話
A: Excuse me. Would you please tell me the 1 the Children’s Hospital?
B: Certainly. Go along the street, and 2 at the second crossing. You’ll see a white building between Wuyi Bookshop and 3 . The white building is the hospital. You won’t miss it.
A: 4 very much. By the way, 5 will it take me to get there by bike?
B: About half an hour.
A: O. Good-bye.
Ⅴ. 根據(jù)句意填介詞
1． y sister went to school a blue skirt this afternoon.
2． What happened ary? She is crying.
3． The village is about two kilometres .
4． They filled the bottle a lot of milk.
5． They tried to stop such a thing happening.
提高能力測試
Ⅰ. 根據(jù)漢語完成下列各句
1． 他們說此行的目的是要搞清楚那些居住海外年輕華人懷疑他們自己的問題。
They say the purpose of the trip is that young Chinese abroad have about who they are.
2． 許多人以前從未到過中國，幾乎不會說漢語。
ary China before and can speak any Chinese.
3． 她母親的工作是照看小孩。
It’s her job the children.
4． 我們明天動身去北京。
We are Beijing tomorro
5． 他真希望能成為一名教師。
He a teacher.
Ⅱ. 選出能替換劃線部分的選項
( )1． Did you ring me up yesterday afternoon?
A． write to me
B． wake me up
C． telephone me
D． call on me
( )2． They stopped talking when the teacher came in.
A． spoke and spoke
B． stopped to talk
C． went on talking
D． didn’t talk any more
( )3． The eight-year-old girl swims very well.
A． is very interested in swimming
B． likes swimming very much
C． is good at swimming
D． wants to swim
( )4． What a rainy day! It goes on and on for seven days.
A． starts
B． finishes
C． comes
D． lasts
( )5． The girl is in a blue skirt.
A． wears
B． puts on
C． has
D． have
Ⅲ. 完形填空
r White was riding a horse in the rain all the afternoon. When he reached a restaurant(飯館)，he was all 1 and cold. He saw a 2 in the restaurant and many people 3 . He had an 4 . He called out to the waiter(侍者)，“ 5 some fish to my horse! ”The waiter answered, “Horses don’t eat fish. ”r White said, “ 6 my horse eats fish. ”The waiter did as r White told him. The people in the restaurant 7 very strange and ran out after the waiter . When all the people went out, r White sat down at the table 8 the fire. When the waiter and the people 9 , they said, “Your horse doesn’t want to eat the fish. ”r White answered, “Put the fish on the table 10 my horse doesn’t want it. I’ll eat it as soon as I warm up and dry out. ”
( )1． A． tiredB． hungryC． wet
( )2． A． fireB． picture C． table
( )3． A． sittingB． sit C． to sit
( )4． A． wayB． idea C． to fire
( )5． A． BringB． Have C． Take
( )6． A． And B． But C． Because
( )7． A． thoughtB． are C． felt
( )8． A． nearB． far away C． on
( )9． A． returned backB． came back C． looked around
( )10． A． whenB． if C． and
Ⅳ. 閱讀理解
Do you know how to write an English letter?
When we write a letter in Chinese, we always put the date at the end of the letter. But it is different in English. We have to put it on the top of the right corner. And above the date, we also write the number of our house and the names of our street, city and country. To begin the letter, we always use words like“Dear sir”, “Dear r/iss/rs…”. To the end of the letter, we usually use words like “Yours, ” “Yours ever”or “Truly yours”.
It is also different to write an English envelope(信封). If you write to an Australian friend named Jane Shute, write your name and address on the top of the left
corner and write hers in the middle.
Now read the following envelope, please.
( )1． “We have to put it on the top of the right corner. ”The word “it”here means
.
A． the date
B． the letter
C． the envelope
D． the passage
( )1． From the passage, we knohen we write an English letter, we should put down our address .
A． at the end of the letter on the left
B． at the end of the letter on the right
C． at the top of the letter on the left
D． at the top of the letter on the right
( )3． How do you begin your letter if you write to Peter White?
A． Peter
B． r Peter
C． Dear r White
D． Dear Sir Peter
( )4． To what country will the letter be sent?
A． P. R. C
B． America
C． Australia
D． Sydney
( )5． Who writes this letter?
A． Zibo
B． Qin Ling
C． iss Shute
D． iss Jane
Ⅴ. 書面表達
仔細觀察下圖并通讀短，然后按圖中所示內(nèi)容，用英語完成每個空格，每空只填一詞。
any years ago, there was a man called John. He lived in a small house near a 1 , and there were some big trees 2 the house. One day, he 3 , “If I 4 the trees down, I can 5 a new house. ”And the next day, he did so.
A few days later, a nicer and 6 house was built, 7 one evening after he built his new house, there came a 8 wind, and it blew his new house over. r John didn’t know 9 it had happened. He said to himself, “If I hadn’t cut down the trees, I have had a small house to live in. But now a new house means 10 house to me. ”
【同步達綱練習】
鞏固基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練
Ⅰ. 1． suit 2． water 3． wood 4． village 5． farm 6． member 7． last 8． appear 9． miss 10． search
Ⅱ. 1． A 2． A 3． C 4． C 5． D 6． D 7． B 8． B 9． B 10． D
Ⅲ. 1． is often used 2． Where is…made 3． y grandpa takes 4． to get…as possible 5． been away from
Ⅳ. 1． way to 2． turn right 3． Yu Cai School 4． Thanks or Thank you 5． how long
Ⅴ. 1． in 2． to 3． away 4． with 5． from
提高能力測試
Ⅰ. 1． to clear any doubts 2． have never been to … hardly 3． mother’s…to look after 4． leaving for 5． hopes to be
Ⅱ. 1． C 2． D 3． C 4． D 5． A
Ⅲ. 1． C 2． A 3． A 4． B 5． C 6． B 7． C 8． A 9． B 10． B
Ⅳ. 1． A 2． D 3． C 4． C 5． B
Ⅴ. 1． river 2． around 3． thought 4． cut 5． build 6． bigger 7． but 8． strong 9． why 10． no
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