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Unit4名師點(diǎn)津（新人教版必修三）

Ⅰ. 單項(xiàng)填空
1. (2008年高考湖北卷)The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly ________.
A. atmosphere B. state
C. situation D. phenomenon
解析：選A。句意：兩國(guó)高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人之間的會(huì)談在友好的氣氛中舉行。atmosphere氣氛；state狀態(tài)；situation處境；phenomenon現(xiàn)象。由句意可知A項(xiàng)正確。
2. —How long are you staying?
—I don’t know. ________.
A. That’s OK　　　　　　　B. Never mind
C. It depends D. It doesn’t matter
解析：選C。從所提供的情景“你要呆多久？”“我不知道�！北砻鲗�(duì)方不確定他要呆多久，只能“看情況而定”。That’s OK. 意為“行，好吧”。Never mind. 和It doesn’t matter. 意為“不要緊，沒(méi)關(guān)系。”
3. Their mother ________dinner at the kitchen when a quarrel ________among the children.
A. was preparing；was broken out
B. prepared；was broken out
C. was preparing；broke out
D. prepared；broke out
解析：選C。短語(yǔ)break out為不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，可先排除A、B兩項(xiàng)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境第一處用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。句意：媽媽正在廚房做飯這時(shí)孩子們爭(zhēng)吵起來(lái)了。
4. This kind of social phenomenon could exist only for a few months，and it will disappear ________.
A. in no time B. on the time
C. at a time D. at one time
解析：選A。考查介詞短語(yǔ)。in no time相當(dāng)于soon，“不久；很快”的意思。
5. The car burns more fuel，but ________all things into consideration，it’s still a good car.
A. taken B. having taken
C. taking D. to take
解析：選C。本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法。根據(jù)固定搭配take. . . into consideration“把……考慮在內(nèi)”，此處用v. ing形式作狀語(yǔ)，表示條件。
6. Press the button when the light goes on—you will soon ________it.
A. watch out for B. get the hang of
C. get rid of D. get away with
解析：選B。句意：當(dāng)燈亮的時(shí)候，按這個(gè)按鈕，你一會(huì)兒就會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)的。get the hang of“掌握”；watch out for“留意；小心”；get rid of“去掉；除掉”；get away with“做某事不受懲罰”。故選B。
7. The harm the modern farming methods have done ________the countryside is considerable.
A. on B. to
C. at D. for
解析：選B。do harm to sb. /sth. 為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“對(duì)……有害”，且“the modern farming. . . countryside”為定語(yǔ)從句修飾harm。故選B。
8. He didn’t make ________clear when and where the meeting would be held.
A. this B. that
C. it D. these
解析：選C。it作形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的“when and where”從句。
9. You’d better take something to read when you go to see the doctor ________you have to wait.
A. even if B. as if
C. in case D. in order that
解析：選C。in case 連詞詞組，“以防；萬(wàn)一”，后可跟句子，作副詞時(shí)，可放在句末。
10. While in university，we were offered a number of after?school activities to ________our social skills.
A. create B. grow
C. develop D. settle
解析：選C。develop表示“發(fā)展”。句意：大學(xué)期間我們有許多課外活動(dòng)來(lái)發(fā)展我們的社交技能。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
(2009年日照二模)I was on my lunch break in the city，enjoying a salad at an outdoor cafe, when a shabby homeless lady came walking towards me. She was yelling and__1__ everyone who walked past her for spare__2__and she looked like a mess. My__3__reaction was fear. . . to close off and hope she didn’t come near me, but she did. I was on the phone and when she__4__yelling, I said，“I’m on the phone，”in the nicest way I could, assuring myself what she needed was a lesson in__5__. She walked away, mumbling(自言自語(yǔ))，“I’m __6__ you. I’m sorry, I’m sorry. I’ll leave. ”And she turned the corner.
__7__，I would feel relieved or satisfied, but something in me couldn’t __8__. Without another thought, I looked in my__9__for the spare change I had. Even I started searching through my entire purse, the pockets, everything—for all of the change I could__10__ find to give.
I got up and walked towards this lady and gave her all I __11__. She held my hand and said, “Thank you！”Her hand was__12__and dirty，but I didn’t mind__13__her hand. I wanted to be there for her for some reason，when normally I would__14__the other way. She looked at me and said，“Will you touch my face？”And for some reason, I did. I put my hand on her cheek and she started to __15__. I could __16__it was as if she had not been touched by a loving，soft hand in ages，__17__，and so I held it there, trying to__18__ her with my heart open. It was powerful.
She thanked me and walked away quietly. And I walked away with an open heart, trying to__19__ sense of what had just happened. It changed something in me and has made me want to be a __20__ person to the people I meet during my day.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　現(xiàn)代社會(huì)人們看不起窮人，總是盡量避開(kāi)他們。本文作者通過(guò)自己的親身經(jīng)歷告訴我們，窮人也有自尊，也希望被人尊重。
1. A. greeting　　　　　　　　　　B. praising
C. applying D. begging
解析：選D。從上句“a shabby homeless lady came walking towards me”可知，她在向路過(guò)的人討錢(qián)。D. 乞求。A. 打招呼；B. 表?yè)P(yáng)；C. 申請(qǐng)。
2. A. change B. room
C. clothes D. food
解析：選A。從第二段第二句“. . . for the spare change I had”可知，她在向路人乞討錢(qián)。
3. A. usual B. instant
C. last D. general
解析：選B。從前文可知，她看上去很邋遢，可知“我”當(dāng)即的反應(yīng)就是害怕。A. 往常的；B. 當(dāng)即的；C. 最后的；D. 總的。故選B。
4. A. came across B. came out
C. came over D. came through
解析：選C。從上句“. . . hope she didn’t come near me, but she did. ”可知“我”在打電話她正喊著朝這邊(came over)走來(lái)。
5. A. attitude B. trouble
C. practice D. manners
解析：選D。“我”在打電話，她還叫著向我討錢(qián)，說(shuō)明“我”想給她在禮貌上(manners)上一課。A. 態(tài)度；B. 麻煩；C. 慣例，練習(xí)。只有manners符合語(yǔ)境。
6. A. calling B. hurting
C. annoying D. abusing
解析：選C。從下文“I’m sorry，I’m sorry. I’ll leave”可知，她說(shuō)：“我打攪(annoying)你了”。
7. A. Fortunately B. Normally
C. Luckily D. Unfortunately
解析：選B。根據(jù)句意可知正常的說(shuō)，“我”應(yīng)該感到放松，滿意。A項(xiàng)與C項(xiàng)均表示幸運(yùn)的是；D項(xiàng)表示不幸的是。
8. A. rest B. appear
C. enjoy D. exist
解析：選A。根據(jù)but可知“我”內(nèi)心的某些想法使“我”久久不能平靜(rest)。B. 出現(xiàn)；C. 喜歡；D. 存在。
9. A. car B. table
C. wallet D. seat
解析：選C。從下文“I started searching through my entire purse，. . . ”可知“我”沒(méi)有考慮就到錢(qián)包(wallet)里找零錢(qián)。
10. A. necessarily B. possibly
C. deliberately D. certainly
解析：選B�！拔摇卑焉砩夏苷业降�(possibly)所有零錢(qián)都給了她。A. 必要地；C. 故意地；D. 當(dāng)然。
11. A. earned B. searched
C. found D. made
解析：選C。從上文“我”找遍了身上的零錢(qián)可知“我”追上了老人把“我”所找到(found)的零錢(qián)都給了她。A、D兩項(xiàng)均表示賺(錢(qián))，B項(xiàng)表示搜身。
12. A. soft B. rough
C. large D. neat
解析：選B。從上文“She held my hand. . . ”可知“我”可以感到她的手是粗糙的(rough)，從下文dirty也可以得到暗示。
13. A. washing B. waving
C. wiping D. holding
解析：選D。but 表示轉(zhuǎn)折，可知“我”并不介意她握住(holding)“我”的手。A. 洗；B. 揮手；C. 擦手。
14. A. lead B. set
C. turn D. show
解析：選C。從前文“由于某個(gè)原因我現(xiàn)在想和她在一起”可判斷“我”本來(lái)是想走(turn)另一條路避開(kāi)她的。
15. A. cry B. laugh
C. yell D. shout
解析：選A。從前文“Will you touch my face？. . . I did. ”可知老人是哭了(cry)，因?yàn)樵诖酥�前人們看到像她這樣的人就避開(kāi)，而“我”卻滿足了她的要求。
16. A. expect B. sense
C. know D. learn
解析：選B�！拔摇蹦芨杏X(jué)到(sense)她好像是很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有被人關(guān)愛(ài)了。A. 期望；C. 知道；D. 學(xué)會(huì)。
17. A. if necessary B. if any
C. if so D. if ever
解析：選D。從上文可知她簡(jiǎn)直很少被關(guān)注。if necessary表示如果必要的話；if ever表示如果這樣的話。
18. A. persuade B. comfort
C. entertain D. amuse
解析：選B�！拔摇蔽兆∷�的手，想要安慰(comfort)她。persuade 說(shuō)服；entertain 娛樂(lè)；amuse 取悅。
19. A. take B. get
C. catch D. make
解析：選D�！拔摇睅е�放松的心情走了，盡力地理解剛才發(fā)生的事情。make sense of 理解，明白。
20. A. kinder B. richer
C. wiser D. happier
解析：選A。我想成為對(duì)別人更友好(kinder)的人。
Ⅲ. 閱讀理解
A
Last weekend，Emma Zeiger,10, rode her bike ten miles in the pouring rain at the first annual Newton?Needham Pan?Massachusetts Challenge(PMC)Kids Ride. Nothing, not even bad weather, could stop her from making a difference.
This June, Emma and thousands of other kids across the Northeast participated in nearly 30 PMC Kids Rides. PMC Kids Rides raise money for the Dana?Farber Cancer Institute through the Jimmy Fund. Created ten years ago by Ryan Wilkinson,17, and his sister Hattie, 15, the rides are a more kid?friendly version of the annual Pan?Massachusetts Challenge.
The Wilkinson family first got the idea to create a PMC Kids Ride in 1998 when Ryan, then 7, wanted to ride in the Pan?Massachusetts Challenge.
Ryan and Hattie’s grandmother had been diagnosed with a brain tumor(腫瘤). “We were experiencing cancer for the first time，”Ryan said, “So that was on my mind when I said I wanted to ride. ”Unfortunately, PMC participants have to be at least 15 years old to ride. Ryan was only seven. So, the Wilkinson family decided to start a children’s version of the PMC.
In just a couple of weeks, the Wilkinsons organized the Wildwood Challenge, the very first Pan?Massachusetts Challenge Kids Ride. Thirteen kids rode around a neighborhood block 25 times. They raised $1,600 for cancer research. On June 21, Ryan and Hattie will celebrate the eleventh annual Wildwood PMC Kids Ride.
Since 1998, PMC Kids Rides have grown significantly. Every year, more and more kids participate. To raise money, kids do extra chores, babysit，host car washes, and send out letters asking for donations. “Every penny counts，”Hattie Wilkinson explains. “All of the money goes to a good cause. It’s really great to be able to ride for people with cancer and to represent them and raise money for them. ”Since 1998, the Pan?Massachusetts Kids Rides have raised more than $1 million for cancer research and treatment.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　孩子們用自己的行動(dòng)來(lái)幫助那些患有癌癥的人。
1. Why did Emma ride her bike ten miles in the pouring rain?
A. She did that for her grandmother.
B. She did that for the sake of her health.
C. She did that for people with cancer.
D. She was asked to do so by her parents.
解析：選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段的Nothing. . . could stop her from making a difference 以及第二段的PMC Kids Rides raise money for the Dana?Farber Cancer Institute可知，Emma 在大雨中騎自行車是為了幫助那些患有癌癥的人。
2. When Ryan Wilkinson started PMC Kids Rides，he was only ________.
A. seventeen years old B. fifteen years old
C. five years old D. seven years old
解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段談到PMC Kids Rides是由Ryan Wilkinson在10年前創(chuàng)立的，他現(xiàn)在17歲，故他創(chuàng)立PMC Kids Rides的時(shí)候，只有7歲。
3. The idea of creating a PMC Kids Ride was inspired by ________.
A. Ryan’s sister Hattie
B. kids who suffer from cancer
C. the person who is responsible for PMC
D. Ryan’s grandmother’s diagnosis of cancer
解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段和第四段可知，Ryan的祖母被診斷出癌癥，Ryan想?yún)⒓覲MC，然而，要參加PMC，年齡需在15歲以上，而當(dāng)時(shí)Ryan只有七歲，所以Ryan萌發(fā)了創(chuàng)立兒童版PMC的想法。
4. We can learn from the passage that ________.
A. the first PMC Kids Ride was held in 1999
B. besides riding the bike, kids do other things to raise money
C. PMC Kids Rides have raised more than $ 1 billion so far
D. most of the money raised was used for cancer research
解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。由最后一段可知，為了籌錢(qián)，孩子們除了騎自行車還做其他的事情。
B
(2009年福建檢測(cè))“You’re going to the United States to live? How wonderful ! You’re really lucky！”
Does this sound familiar? Perhaps your family and friends said similar things to you when you left home. But does it seem true all the time? Is your life in this new country always wonderful and exciting? A great many facts show that it’s not easy for newcomers to adjust to life in a new culture. They have to experience culture shock.
What causes culture shock? Maybe the weather is unpleasant. Perhaps the customs are different. Perhaps the public service systems such as the telephone，post office, or transportation are difficult to figure out and you make mistakes. The simplest things seem difficult. The language may be difficult. The food may seem strange to you. If you don’t look similar to the natives, you may feel strange. You may feel as if everyone is watching you. In fact, you_are_always_watching_yourself.
Everyone experiences culture shock in some form or another. But culture shock comes as a surprise to most people. A lot of the time, the people with the worst culture shock are the people who never had any difficulties in their own countries. They were active and successful in their community (社區(qū)). They had hobbies or pastimes which they enjoyed. When they come to a new country, they do not have the same positions or hobbies as they already had in their countries. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity. They have to build a new self?image.
Culture shock produces a feeling of disorientation (暈頭轉(zhuǎn)向), which may be homesickness, imagined illness, or even paranoia (妄想癥). When people feel the disorientation of culture shock, they sometimes feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from the unfamiliar environment. They want to create an escape within their room to give themselves a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to familiarize the person more with the culture. Familiarity and experience are the long?term ways to settle the problem of culture shock.
【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　在人們看來(lái)，移居海外是件非常幸運(yùn)的事情，然而由于氣候、風(fēng)俗、語(yǔ)言等方面的差異而造成的“culture shock”是件令人頭痛的事情，文章向我們介紹了新移民們應(yīng)該如何適應(yīng)這些差異。
5. Who is the passage mainly for?
A. The family and friends of those who came to the US.
B. Those who have got rid of culture shock.
C. People who have just moved to a foreign country.
D. People who can easily adjust to their life in the US.
解析：選C�？v觀全文可以看出，文章向我們介紹了來(lái)到異國(guó)他鄉(xiāng)，應(yīng)如何克服“culture shock”，適應(yīng)新環(huán)境的問(wèn)題，也就是說(shuō)是寫(xiě)給那些剛移居國(guó)外的人的。
6. The underlined part“you are always watching yourself”(in Paragraph 3)means ________.
A. you are always feeling homesick
B. you are always worried too much about yourself
C. you are always looking at yourself in the mirror
D. you are always nervous about meeting other people
解析：選B。由上一句“You may feel as if everyone is watching you. ”可以看出這種感覺(jué)是因?yàn)閷?duì)自己過(guò)度擔(dān)心而造成的。
7. Which of the following would be a case of culture shock for newcomers?
A. They have trouble using public telephones.
B. Their positions or hobbies stay the same.
C. They are active and successful in the new community.
D. They have got used to the life in the new country.
解析：選A。細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。由第三段中的“Perhaps the public service systems such as the telephone. . . ”可得出答案。
8. Which of the following may cause newcomers to lack a sense of security?
A. A new identity.
B. Local food.
C. A new self?image.
D. Strange environment.
解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第一段中的“They want to protect themselves from the unfamiliar environment. They want to create an escape within their room to give themselves a sense of security. ”可知答案。
9. The best way for the newcomers to overcome culture shock is ________.
A. to stay inside to protect themselves
B. to make a study of new hobbies
C. to adapt themselves to the new environment
D. to ask people for help when having difficulties
解析：選C。推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段中的“They have to build a new self?image”及文章的最后一句話可以推出戰(zhàn)勝“culture shock”的最好的辦法就是：適應(yīng)新環(huán)境，創(chuàng)造一個(gè)新的自我形象


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